Military Approaches Of India, Philippines And Switzerland

Military approaches of India, Philippines and Switzerland In the 21st century, it is inevitable for states to make a diplomatic and strategic decision without being influenced by defence capabilities of their enemies and friends. Post World War II the approach adopted by India, the Philippines and Switzerland are defensive in nature. The Swiss National Redoubt and Indian Sundarji were developed within these states, while the Philippines strategy was based on foreign military dependency. For all these three countries their approach is greatly influenced by geography, economy, their history of existence (culture) and aggressive neighbours. Since the art of war is changing significantly, these states are finding themselves in a vulnerable†¦show more content†¦They protect 14,103 km of international border and 7000 km of coastlines (GFP Staff 2014). Of these international borders, China shares 2,659 km and Pakistan shares 3,190 km. Both of these neighbours infiltrated the Indian territory in the past and have a continuous conflict over international borders with India. India spends more than 2.5% of its annual GDP on defence budget. As per Global Fire Power (GFP) ranking India was ranked fourth among hundred and six countries (GFP Staff 2014), but almost two third of their expenditure goes to counter the activities of Pakistan’s against which India historically fought four wars. As recorded by former defence minister George Fernandez, India has a â€Å"non aggressive, non provocative defence policy based on the philosophy of defensive defence† (Ahmed 2014). The Indian army was operating under Sundarji doctrine between 1981 and 2004. Under this doctrine the seven defensive â€Å"holding corps† were deployed against the Pakistan border to respond to enemy penetration. While India’s offensive powers were with three â€Å"Strike Corps† which were located in central India, quite far away from international borders. ( Mathura I Corps, Ambala II Corps, and Bhopal XXI Corps)( Ladwig 2008a). In a war situation, the holding corps should deter and halt an attack, which would then enable the strike corps to counter attack and penetrate deep